What Role Does Central Venous Pressure Play in Supporting Cardiac Function in Nile Tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>) Exposed to Environmental Challenges?

<p dir="ltr">This work examined the role of central venous pressure (CVP), an understudied component of cardiac regulation in fishes, in tilapia faced with a number of environmental challenges. First, we measured the heart rate (fH), cardiac output (Q), stroke volume (SV) and CVP of 30℃-acclimated fish, and those acutely exposed to 24℃, following titrations of zatebradine hydrocholoride (i.e., a pharmacological agent that decreases intrinsic fH). As predicted, fH and Q were ~40% lower in the acutely cooled fish (Q10 ~ 2.3) and both groups had very comparable (i.e., within 10%) values for SV (i.e., SV was temperature insensitive). Interestingly, the CVP of fish at 24℃ was higher than that in 30℃-acclimated fish across all concentrations of zatebradine (i.e., CVP increased from 0.04–0.11 kPa vs. -0.09–0.07 kPa, respectively, as fH was reduced), and this was reflected in a right-shifted relationship between CVP and SV for the 24℃ fish. These data suggest that the acutely cooled tilapia required a higher CVP to attain a similar SV as compared to 30℃ conspecifics. Ongoing experiments are now being performed on 25℃-acclimated tilapia to measure the same cardiovascular parameters (with the addition of oxygen consumption and tissue-oxygen extraction) when: i) exposed to critical thermal maximum (CTMax) and minimum (CTMin) tests at normoxia (100% air sat.); and ii) when exposed to acute/severe hypoxia (30% air sat.) followed by a CTMax test.</p>